The USS England was a Buckley Class
Destroyer Escort, one of several types built with ASW (anti submarine warfare)
in mind. With the U-boat threat in the Atlantic and the Japanese sub threat
in the Pacific, as small escort ship was needed to protect the convoys.
The England was launched 26 September 1943 by Bethlehem Steel Co., San
Francisco, Calif., and commissioned 10 December 1943.
She arrived at Espiritu Santo 12 March 1944 from San Francisco, Pearl
Harbor, Funafuti, and Guadalcanal. She took up escort duty between Espiritu
Santo and Guadalcanal, occasionally sailing to Noumea, and once to the
Marshalls. On 18 May 1944, with two other destroyers, England cleared Port
Purvis on a hunt for Japanese submarines during a passage to Bougainville.
During the next 8 days, she was to set an impressive record in antisubmarine
warfare, never matched in World War II by any other American ship, as she
hunted down and sank I-16 on 19 May, RO-106 on 22 May, RO-104 on 23 May,
RO-116 on 24 May, and RO-108 on 26 May. In three of these cases, the other
destroyers were in on the beginning of the actions, but the kill in every
case was England's alone. Quickly replenishing depth charges at Manus,
England was back in action on 31 May to join with four other ships in sinking
RO-105. This superlative performance won for England a Presidential Unit
Citation, and the assurance from the Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral
E. J. King, "There'll always be an England in the United States Navy."
His pledge was fulfilled 6 October 1960, when DLG-22 was assigned the name
England. Through the summer of 1944, England sailed throughout the northern
Solomons, providing the escort services necessary for the building up of
bases, preparations for the renewed assaults on Japanese territories to
the north, and provision of supplies to garrison forces on the islands
of the southwest Pacific. In August, she underwent repairs at Manus, and
between 24 September and 15 October voyaged from the Treasury Islands to
Sydney, Australia. From the Treasuries, she sailed guarding a convoy to
Hollandia, where she arrived 18 October, and on the 26th got underway on
the first of two voyages to escort reinforcement convoys to newly invaded
Leyte. She returned to Manus and local escort duty 2 December. From 2 January
1945, England escorted convoys between Manus and Ulithi, the major base
for operations of the carrier task forces, and later to be the staging
point for the assaults on Iwo Jima and Okinawa. The escort vessel sailed
to Kossol Roads in February, bringing in a convoy later routed on to the
Philippines, then resumed her duty on the Manus-Ulithi sealanes. She sailed
from Ulithi 23 March for the preinvasion bombardment of Okinawa, returned
to Ulithi to join the screen of two cruisers, guarding them back to Okinawa
to join the 5th Fleet just after the initial assault on 1 April. Between
6 and 17 April, she voyaged to Saipan screening unladen transports, then
took up a screening and patrol station north of the Kerama Retto. On 9
May 1945, while on station, England was attacked by three Japanese dive
bombers. Her antiaircraft fire set the first of these flaming, but the
plane crashed England on her starboard side, just below the bridge. The
kamikaze pilot had remembered his instructions to knock out the ship's
nerve center and kill as many as possible of her officers. With the bomb
of the plane exploding just after the crash, England's men began a dangerous
race against time, to quench the fires and save their ship, while combat
air patrol shot down the two other attackers. She was able to make Kerama
Retto under tow, with 37 of her men killed or missing and 25 wounded. England
sailed on to Leyte, where she received temporary repairs to put her in
shape for the long voyage home. On 16 July 1945, she arrived at Philadelphia
for permanent repairs and conversion to a high-speed transport. The end
of the war, however, halted this work, and she was decommissioned 15 October
1945 and sold 26 November 1946. In addition to the Presidential Unit Citation,
England received 10 battle stars for World War II service quite a record
for any Destroyer Escort. |